Invinity has begun manufacturing the VS3 batteries that will comprise the vanadium flow battery (VFB) system at its Motherwell factory in Scotland. Construction is expected to begin in the second half of 2025. Operation is expected to begin in 2026.
[pdf] The Asia Pacific region dominates the global flow battery market, holding nearly 47% of the global share in 2026 and projected to grow at a CAGR of over 20% through 2033 This leadership is driven by robust government policies promoting renewable energy integration, significant investments in research and development, and large-scale pilot projects across China, Japan, India, and Australia.
[pdf] In all-vanadium flow battery, graphite felt is a commonly used electrode material. It has good conductivity, can effectively collect and conduct electrons, and provide efficient electron transmission channels for electrochemical reactions. All-vanadium flow battery
[pdf] 
